low-resistance pneumotachograph linear  (ADInstruments)

Journal:

Article Title: Electroencephalographic evidence for pre-motor cortex activation during inspiratory loading in humans

doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.2006.120246

Figure Lengend Snippet: Llow dead space pneumotachograph (control 1; top, left), inspiratory threshold loading (ITL; top, middle), inspiratory resistive breathing (IRL; top, right), quiet breathing with a low-resistance pneumotachograph (control 2; bottom, left), CO2 breathing (bottom, middle) and self-paced sniffs (bottom, right). The vertical arrows indicate the triggering point. The recording during CO2 breathing shown here was obtained using a preamplifier connected to the scalp electrode, whereas this was not the case for the other signals. Cz-A+, vertex EEG derivation; ScalEMG, root mean square scalene muscle EMG; Press, mouth or nasal pressure. The EEG positivity at the leftmost part of the ITL trace (and to a lesser extent of the IRL trace) corresponds to the end of the cortical activity related to the previous cycle.

Article Snippet: The subjects, wearing a nose clip, breathed through a flanged mouthpiece, attached either to a heated low dead space pneumotachograph linear from 0 to 160 l min −1 (3700A series; Hans Rudolph, Kansas City, MO, USA; dead space 14 ml; flow resistance 0.02–0.04 cmH 2 O 1 −1 s −1 ) or to a low resistance pneumotachograph linear from 0 to 1000 l min −1 (MLT 1000 l; ADInstruments; dead space 350 ml; flow resistance 0.002 cmH 2 O 1 −1 s −1 ), connected to a ±2 cmH 2 O linear differential pressure transducer (DP-45-18; Validyne, Northridge, CA, USA) to measure the ventilatory flow.

Techniques: Control, Activity Assay

Journal:

Article Title: Electroencephalographic evidence for pre-motor cortex activation during inspiratory loading in humans

doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.2006.120246

Figure Lengend Snippet: Control 1, quiet breathing with a low dead space pneumotachograph (see Methods); control 2, quiet breathing with a low resistance pneumotachograph (see Methods); FI,CO2 7%, 7% inspired fraction of CO2. *Significant difference versus the control 1 condition (P < 0.05).

Article Snippet: The subjects, wearing a nose clip, breathed through a flanged mouthpiece, attached either to a heated low dead space pneumotachograph linear from 0 to 160 l min −1 (3700A series; Hans Rudolph, Kansas City, MO, USA; dead space 14 ml; flow resistance 0.02–0.04 cmH 2 O 1 −1 s −1 ) or to a low resistance pneumotachograph linear from 0 to 1000 l min −1 (MLT 1000 l; ADInstruments; dead space 350 ml; flow resistance 0.002 cmH 2 O 1 −1 s −1 ), connected to a ±2 cmH 2 O linear differential pressure transducer (DP-45-18; Validyne, Northridge, CA, USA) to measure the ventilatory flow.

Techniques: Control

Journal:

Article Title: Electroencephalographic evidence for pre-motor cortex activation during inspiratory loading in humans

doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.2006.120246

Figure Lengend Snippet: Control 1, quiet breathing with a low dead space pneumotachograph (see Methods); control 2, quiet breathing with a low resistance pneumotachograph (see Methods); FI,CO2 7%, 7% inspired fraction of CO2. *Significant difference versus the control 1 condition (P < 0.05).

Article Snippet: The subjects, wearing a nose clip, breathed through a flanged mouthpiece, attached either to a heated low dead space pneumotachograph linear from 0 to 160 l min −1 (3700A series; Hans Rudolph, Kansas City, MO, USA; dead space 14 ml; flow resistance 0.02–0.04 cmH 2 O 1 −1 s −1 ) or to a low resistance pneumotachograph linear from 0 to 1000 l min −1 (MLT 1000 l; ADInstruments; dead space 350 ml; flow resistance 0.002 cmH 2 O 1 −1 s −1 ), connected to a ±2 cmH 2 O linear differential pressure transducer (DP-45-18; Validyne, Northridge, CA, USA) to measure the ventilatory flow.

Techniques: Control